Microscope Lab free essay sample

1. Briefly describe the steps required to aseptically transfer bacteria from an unknown to a tube of liquid broth. You might have to research this using the T button (Tell Me More About ) To aseptically transfer bacteria from an unknown to a tube of liquid broth you have to flame the loop or wire before you begin to sterilize it. You then remove the caps from the tubes and flame the mouths of the tubes to prevent air-borne contamination. When all this is done, you have to pick up the inoculum or unknown culture by running the sterile loop or wire down into the tube. Once you got the inoculum you drop it into the sterile medium to inoculate it. 2. What is the purpose of aseptic technique? The purpose of using the aseptic technique is to prevent contamination when handling your cultures. 3. Does your lab report contain any messages when your inoculation was not complete? What change in the traffic signals indicates an unsuccessful inoculation? The lab report does not mention anything about inoculation. We will write a custom essay sample on Microscope Lab or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page There’s only a reference if auto-inoculation was used. If inoculation was unsuccessful, the light turns red 4. Does you lab report contain any messages when you dont follow aseptic procedures for transferring bacteria? What change in the traffic signal indicates contamination? The lab report does not contain any message when aseptic procedures were not followed. The traffic signals turn red when contamination occurs. 5. What indication is there that the loop has been sterilized? When it is flamed for a few seconds and is sterile, the loop turns red. 6. How much time is provided for users of VUMIE 2012 before the Contamination light turns red? You will have to just time this and be specific, i. e. how many seconds, minutes, etc. 58 seconds is provided for users before the contamination light turns red. 7. In regards to Phenol Red Sorbitol: What was the name of the test that used Phenol Red Sorbitol? Sorbitol Fermentation test How do you interpret the difference between positive and negative results for this test? The test is to see if the microbe can ferment the sorbitol. A pH indicator in the medium changes color to indicate acid production. Phenol red is red at neutral pH but turns yellow at 6. 8 or lower, indicating fermentation which is a positive result. If it stays red or turns magenta or hot pink, that indicates that the pH level has risen and it is negative. What results did you get? The medium turned a deep red indicating a negative result. 8. In regards to the Christiansens Urea Broth: What was the name of the test that used Christiansens urea broth? Urea Hydrolysis Test (Christiansen’s) How do you interpret the difference between positive and negative results for this test? The test is to see if the microbe can use the urea to grow. If the urea can be used by the microbe, the pH indicator in the medium changes color to magenta or hot pink to indicate alkali/base production which means that it is positive. If the Urea does not change color, it is negative. What results did you get? The medium turned a deep red indicating a positive result 9. After performing Question #18, describe at least two warnings/messages that appear most frequently by the software? (You will have to go ahead and identify your unknown before this will show, in red, on your lab report. This can be done by clicking on Unknown and then clicking on Identify. ) Loop was not flamed before inoculation – inoculum contaminated – medium contaminated [I did not get any error messages on the report, only in the virtual lab and I couldn’t identify an unknown because all microbes were eliminated. I have no clue how that happened. I am working on my experiments and redoing everything to see where I went wrong. ] 10. After completing the entire activity, comment on what changes in your actions you will make to improve your ability to successfully use aseptic technique the next time you work in the Virtual Lab. I will practice several times to transfer the inoculum to the medium with the aseptic procedure and be careful to remember sterilizing everything, working fast and not leaving anything uncovered or in a precarious position.

Macbeth By William Shakespeare (1564 - 1616) Essays -

Macbeth by William Shakespeare (1564 - 1616) Macbeth by William Shakespeare (1564 - 1616) Type of Work: Tragic fatalistic drama Setting Eleventh-century Scotland Principal Characters Macbeth, a noble Scottish chieftain Lady Macbeth, his wife Batiquo, Macbeth's warrior-friend Fleatice, Banquo's son Duncan, King of Scotland, a gentle and perfect ruler Macduff, a rebel lord Three Witches Story Overveiw On a stormy night, Scottish armies managed to suppress a rebellion, largely through the valor of two noblemen Macbeth and Banquo. They had also frustrated a Viking invasion that had received assistance from a prominent Scotsman, the Thane of Cawdor' When news of these two events reached Duncan, King of Scotland, he was delighted with Macbeth's performance, but insisted that Cawdor's treason warranted his death. Accordingly, the king declared that Cawdor be executed and that Macbeth be named in his stead, Thane of Cawdor. Meanwhile, Macbeth and Banquo, on their way home from war, happened upon a trio of witches - hags stirring a blackened caldron and heralding Macbeth's arrival: "Double, Double, toil and trouble." The witches astonished the pair by prophesying that Macbeth would become first, the new Thane of Cawdor, and then, King of Scotland; and that Banquo would become the father of kings. Then the dark hags vanished, leaving Banque and Macbeth to speculate over these strange prophecies. No sooner had the witches departed than two of the king's messengers arrived with news that Macbeth had indeed been named to replace the deposed Thane of Cawdor. Macbeth was amazed to see the first of the witches' prophecies so quickly fulfilled, and began to believe in the ultimate fulfillment of the second. If he could be Thane of Cawdor, perhaps he could rule all of Scotland as well. This innocent belief quickly expanded into a deep-seated ambition, which began to taint Macbeth's mind with dark thoughts: Would the prophecy fulfill itself, or would he have to take action to usurp the throne? Since Duncan was king, would not one of his two sons follow him in ruling Scotland? All this time, Banquo resisted any thoughts of hastening the witches , prophecy that his children would be kings, but could sense the unrest stirrin inside the soul of his fellow officer. Banquo and Macbeth returned and reported to King Duncan, who warmly commended them both for their courage. But during the ensuing conversation he made two announcements which brought even more sinister ideas into Macbeth's mind: First, he declared his son, Malcolm, heir to the throne; and second, he expressed his intention to visit Macbeth for a night at Macbeth's castle. Macbeth felt he must somehow take advantage of Duncan's visit to advance his own ambitions - or, as he saw it, his own destiny. Hearing of her returning husband's success and of the prophecies pronounced upon him, Macbeth's wife was filled with a consuming desire to see him ascend to the throne. Vowing to stop at nothing in this quest, Lady Macbeth urged her husband to help her murder the king as he slept. She would undertake to induce the king's guards to drink, giving Macbeth the opportunity to slip into Duncan's quarters, slay him, and plant the murder weapons on the drunken guards. Macbeth hesitated at first, but his shrewd and aspiring wife eventually prevailed. As announced, Duncan did visit Macbeth, and after feasting there with Banquo and others, he prepared for bed. According to plan, Lady Macbeth arranged to intoxicate the guards, then sent her husband to do the deed. Presently, Macbeth returned to her, Duncan's murder accomplished. But now Macbeth was filled with guilt. Nonetheless, the conspiring spouses slipped, unseen, back to their chamber. Two visiting nobles, Lennox and Macduff, finding the king's lifeless body the next morning, sounded the alarm. Everyone rushed to the site, where Macbeth and his wife pretended to be shocked and heartbroken. Duncan's two sons, suspecting a similar conspiracy would be attempted upon their lives, fled separately to England and Ireland. After that, events moved swiftly. Everyone saw the flight of Duncan's sons as evidence that they had been the conspirators against their father. Macbeth was crowned as successor to the throne; he had fooled everyone _ except Banque, who was suspicious of Macbeth's sudden rise to power. In fact, Banquo, remembering the promises made by the witches regarding his own progeny, feared jealous attempts on both his life and the life of his son Fleance. Immediately he informed Macbeth that the two of them would be leaving the country. The tormented Macbeth, who also remembered the witches' ultimate prophecy, hired two assassins to kill Banquo and Fleance as they traveled. He could not allow Banquo's son to rule. Banquo was murdered, but Fleance managed to escape. Many days later,

Free Essays on Mercedes Benz

â€Å"If a rich man is proud of his wealth he should not be praised until it is known how he enjoys it.† An enticing statement used in conjunction with a vehicle seeping in prestige, to attract and persuade a now vulnerable head executive, Mercedes-Benz has a stature like no other. The standard of luxury vehicles has always been set by the European automotive manufacturer ‘Mercedes-Benz’, starting in 1883 when engineers Gottlieb Daimler and Karl Benz developed the first light weight engine, kicking off motorised transport. Mercedes has developed immensely over the last hundred and twenty years, providing over a hundred different vehicle types available to this day, compared to the choice of two vehicles available in the late years of the 1800’s. Newly introduced Mercedes model, class-E was released late last year, exciting prospective Mercedes repeat buyers.(www.mercedes.com) The E class is an appealing vehicle to those who can afford such a car, as prices for the vehicle start in the low ninety thousand dollar mark, which immediately reduces the market to the wealthy. The process of selecting the appropriate consumers from the population, and aiming the product toward them, starts with the market segmentation. Identifying the appropriate consumer in order to have maximum sales is ultimately the desired outcome, however in the case of Mercedes a preservation of their reputation, elegance and quality will be key factors that may have to be taken into concern whilst making such decision. By offering such a luxury vehicle with no limit to the expense of materials used in the production, the Mercedes E class has a certain direction in which the product is aimed, the demographic segment excludes certain ages from the market immediately, that being the seventeen years and younger in male and female. Below the age of seventeen, legally a driver’s license is required in order to operate the product, which is impossible to acquire at ... Free Essays on Mercedes Benz Free Essays on Mercedes Benz â€Å"If a rich man is proud of his wealth he should not be praised until it is known how he enjoys it.† An enticing statement used in conjunction with a vehicle seeping in prestige, to attract and persuade a now vulnerable head executive, Mercedes-Benz has a stature like no other. The standard of luxury vehicles has always been set by the European automotive manufacturer ‘Mercedes-Benz’, starting in 1883 when engineers Gottlieb Daimler and Karl Benz developed the first light weight engine, kicking off motorised transport. Mercedes has developed immensely over the last hundred and twenty years, providing over a hundred different vehicle types available to this day, compared to the choice of two vehicles available in the late years of the 1800’s. Newly introduced Mercedes model, class-E was released late last year, exciting prospective Mercedes repeat buyers.(www.mercedes.com) The E class is an appealing vehicle to those who can afford such a car, as prices for the vehicle start in the low ninety thousand dollar mark, which immediately reduces the market to the wealthy. The process of selecting the appropriate consumers from the population, and aiming the product toward them, starts with the market segmentation. Identifying the appropriate consumer in order to have maximum sales is ultimately the desired outcome, however in the case of Mercedes a preservation of their reputation, elegance and quality will be key factors that may have to be taken into concern whilst making such decision. By offering such a luxury vehicle with no limit to the expense of materials used in the production, the Mercedes E class has a certain direction in which the product is aimed, the demographic segment excludes certain ages from the market immediately, that being the seventeen years and younger in male and female. Below the age of seventeen, legally a driver’s license is required in order to operate the product, which is impossible to acquire at ...

Article review 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Article review 2 - Essay Example rules and concepts that govern the field of accounting as the basic accounting  principles and guidelines that form the basis for Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) and the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). The article notes the requirement and importance of using the generally accepted accounting principles in the preparation of financial statements. The GAAP ensures professionalism, consistency,  and uniformity in accounting. However, the article notes that GAAP have become more complex over the years because financial transactions have become more complex. The article recognizes ten basic accounting principles and guidelines that form the basis of the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. They include the economic entity assumption, monetary unit assumption, time period assumption, cost principle, full disclosure principle, going concern principle, matching principle, revenue recognition principle, materiality, and conservatism principle (Accounting Coach 1). I agree with the article’s position and insight on the basic accounting principles and guidelines for various informed reasons. Indeed, all financial statements must comply with the set rules and standards to reflect professionalism, consistency, and uniformity in accounting. Public organizations must present financial statements to the shareholders and directors quoting the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles used to reach at such financial positions. The use of such principles is significant in accounting since the operations, shareholders, and directors of public companies emanate from all over the world hence the need for a standardized code of accounting to represent the diverse backgrounds of the concerned parties. This is also significant in comparing different public companies. The ten basic accounting principles and guidelines relevantly encompass all the financial aspects and needs of any business entity, big or small. The points discussed in the article,

Total Quality Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Total Quality Management - Essay Example It is implied that cost of quality needs to be taken into consideration before deciding on a firm’s plans for ensuring the quality of its products/ services. In other words, extremely high cost of quality can threaten a company’s health either in the short or the long term. Cost of quality can be used as an indicator of a company’s health. This fact is verified through the following example: a series of firms operating in the manufacturing industry of Malaysia decided to establish a Cost of Quality (COQ) Reporting System (Rasamanie and Kanagi 243). It was expected that this initiative would help these firms to improve their performance (Rasamanie and Kanagi 247). Indeed, the implementation of the above system resulted to a series of important benefits in regard to these firms’ performance. The benefits achieved for the firms participating in this project are presented in Table 1 below. Table 1 – Benefits resulted because of the implementation of the COQ Reporting System in manufacturing firms in Malaysia (Rasamanie and Kanagi 247) It is clear from the data presented in Table 1 above that the implementation of COQ Reporting System in Malaysian manufacturing firms enhanced their performance. ... The potential use of quality cost for measuring a company’s health can be understood if referring to the elements of cost of quality. Haryanto (186) noted that the cost of quality includes four different types of costs: ‘Prevention cost, Appraisal cost, Internal Failure cost and External Failure Cost’ (Haryanto 186). These costs, each of which incorporates a series of sub-costs (Table 2 below), can be used for identifying the performance of a company in regard to its various sectors/ departments. In this way, the cost of quality helps to measure and evaluate a company’s health. If costs related to one or more of the firm’s operations are high this fact is considered as a negative indicator for the company’s health. Table 2 – Elements of Quality Costs (Blocher, Chen and Lin 176 in Haryanto 186) The relationship between quality of cost and a company’s health is reflected in the Acceptable Quality View, an approach for deciding on a firm’s optimum quality cost (Haryanto 188-189). The Acceptable Quality View is based on the assumption that ‘there is a trade – off between control costs and failure costs’ (Haryanto 189). In a healthy company, ‘failure costs would be reduced as the control costs are increased’ (Haryanto 189). The above trend is presenting in Graph 1 below. Graph 1 – AQV – Quality costs graph (Haryanto 189) Question 2 A customer – driven quality circle would include the parts indicating in Graph 2 below. The parts of the graph are based on the study of Reis and Pena (2000). According to the above researches, a customer driven organization focuses on the creation of ‘a customer-driven organizational culture’ (Reis and Pena 43). In this context, a customer

Anabolic Steroids and the High School Athlete Essay -- Drugs Athletics

Anabolic Steroids and the High School Athlete Anabolic steroid abuse has become a national concern among high school athletes. There has been a dramatic increase in the number of athletes using these performance enhancing drugs in high school almost double the number using since the 1980's. These athletes feel that steroids gives them the competitive edge that they think they need to boost themselves past the competition. Steroids have been used in bodybuilding and other sports since the 1950's. Nowadays, athletes from all walks of life use them. It's not uncommon for athletes such as bodybuilders, football players, boxers, sprinters, and especially powerlifters to use them on a year round basis. Some professional bodybuilders admit to using over 10 times the normal effective dosage for testosterone. Steroids and sports go hand in hand in many ways. They were legal until 1990 when they joined other banned substances such as cocaine, heroin, and methamphetamines as being illegal. Many athletes including Arnold Schwarzenegger and football great Lyle Alzado have admitted to using them to help them become better athletes. Because they are illegal without a prescription in almost every country in the world they are only available to the recreational user on the "black market". The black market consists of all steroidal substances, counterfeits, and other illegal drugs that are purchased from a source other than directly from a pharmacy or a physician. As everyone knows, when a product is available only on the black market the demand of it goes up while the supply goes down. This means that a very high percentage of all athletes that use them are doing so illegally. This is a major reason why steroids have become so popular among high school athletes, there so easy to obtain. Once viewed as a problem only associated with professional athletes, recent reports estimate that 5 to 12 percent of male high school students and 1 percent of female students have used anabolic steroids by the time they were seniors. The athletes using these drugs don?t belong to one particular sport, these users play sports ranging from girls tennis all the way to boys swimming all of which have the same goal in common, to gain the upper hand. They are usually used during training to build muscles and contrary to popular belief are not usually used when the athlete is competing... ...An ongoing series of studies has shown that this team-centered approach reduces new steroid abuse by 50 percent. A program designed for adolescent girls on sports teams, patterned after the program designed for boys, is currently being tested. Some medications that have been used for treating steroid withdrawal, restore the hormonal system after its disruption by steroid abuse. Other medications target specific withdrawal symptoms, for example, antidepressants to treat depression, and analgesics for head aches and muscle and joint pains ( May pg 65). Some patients require assistance beyond simple treatment of withdrawal symptoms and are treated with behavioral therapies. Compared to student athletes who were not exposed to the program, ATLAS participants had increased understanding of the effects of steroids, greater belief in personal vulnerability to the consequences of steroid use, improved drug-refusal skills, less belief in steroid-promoting media messages, increased belief in the team as an information source, improved perception of athletic abilities and strength training self-efficacy, improved nutrition and exercise behaviors and reduced intentions to use steroids.

Beowulf: Pagan Values Tied with Christianity

The poem titled Beowulf was composed sometime between the seventh and tenth century in a language that is known as Anglo-Saxon. It incorporates many pagan themes and concepts, yet it also contains many references to Christianity. Although paganism and Christianity can be seen as unalike, the two aspects are brought together by the poet in order to show the need for grouping. The pagan themes, such as fate or the common goal of fame and heroism, raise questions in the religious community that could be misleading or misinterpreted without the Christian insight provided in the text.As a result, it is clear that this combination of pagan concepts and Christianity shown in Beowulf is for a Christian audience. In order to enhance the value of the poem Beowulf, the author reconciles pagan concepts such as fame, vengeance, and fate with Christianity. The pagan concepts play key parts in the storyline and are related to the components of Christianity in the poem. One of the pagan concepts dep icted in Beowulf is fame. Other ancient texts, such as The Odyssey and The Iliad, show warriors who venture out far from home to accomplish heroic tasks and build fame.The poem shows Beowulf and other characters in the story to have the same urge. Beowulf is shown early in the story as â€Å"the mightiest man on earth, high-born and powerful† (p. 15). The concept of fame is very important to him and to his people. After hearing of Grendel and his strength, Beowulf declares â€Å"to heighten Hygelac’s fame and gladden his heart, I hereby renounce sword†¦: hand to hand is how it will be, a life-and-death fight with the fiend† (p. 31). He wants to maximize not only his own fame but the fame of his king.He will fight Grendel equally matched and â€Å"perform to the uttermost what your people wanted or perish in the attempt, in the fiend’s clutches† (p. 43). The pagan concept of fame is accomplished when Beowulf defeats Grendel and gives the arm of the creature to Hrothgar. Beowulf has proven his skills and strength by ridding the land of Grendel and Hrothgar praises him by stating, â€Å"You have made yourself immortal by your glorious actions† (p. 63). Although the idea of fame at this time conflicts with certain notions of Christianity, the author reconciles the two by adding many references to God with the achievement of fame.The author is able to attribute both Christian concepts and heroism to God through the dialogue of Hrothgar. When Hrothgar arrives in the mead-hall the morning after the slaying, he first thanks God by saying, â€Å"let the Almighty Father be thanked†¦the Heavenly Shepard can work His wonders always†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (p. 63). He praises Beowulf and states that the killing of Grendel was accomplished â€Å"with the Lord’s assistance† (p. 63). Another example of the ties between God and fame is when Hrothgar gives his speech to Beowulf over the dangers of power. He tells the stor y of Heremod, a king who eventually loses everything due to selfishness, to Beowulf. Almighty God had made him eminent and powerful and marked him from the start for a happy life†¦ a change happened, gave no more rings to honour the Danes†¦ he suffered in the end†¦his life lost happiness† (p. 119). The story shows that God is the true beholder of power and when man strays from Him, or lives a life of no values, He has the power to take away happiness and power. The only way to live on earth is through the grace of God. Consequently, the pagan concept of fame ties back to God and is reconciled to Christianity. Another concept of paganism found in the poem is the concept of vengeance.The first sign of vengeance comes clear when Grendel’s mother becomes aware of Grendel’s death. She is infuriated and â€Å"desperate for revenge† (p. 89). She had no interest in the Danes or Geats until the death of her son. She goes to the mead-hall, kills Aesch ere, and takes back Grendel’s remaining corpse. This anger and desire to avenge Grendel’s death also leads to her eventual death when Beowulf meets her at the mere and kills her with the mystical sword. After killing Grendel’s mother and resurfacing to land, Beowulf tells his men, â€Å"if God had not helped me, the outcome would have been quick and fatal† (p. 15). The author seems to imply that latching onto anger and vengeance leads to the destruction of oneself. It can also be interpreted that Beowulf was aided by God to destroy Grendel’s mother due to her fixed desire to wreak havoc and revenge on the mead-hall. This can be seen as the authors attempt to reconcile vengeance with Christianity. Another example of vengeance can be seen when Grendel’s mother kills Aeschere and Hrothgar mourns over his death. Beowulf tries to console Hrothgar by saying, â€Å"Wise sir, do not grieve. It is always better to avenge dear ones than to indulge in mourning. † (p. 97).This shows the importance of avenging the death of one’s comrade or friend to Beowulf and also the contrast between vengeance and Christian belief. After Beowulf finishes his boast, Hrothgar â€Å"sprang to his feet and praised God for Beowulf’s pledge† (p. 97) This is another attempt by the poet to reconcile the pagan concept of vengeance with Christianity. The desire to seek vengeance is discouraged through Christianity, and in the case of Grendel’s mother, can result in the destruction of oneself. Although, the question rises as to why Beowulf wasn’t corrected for seeking vengeance on Grendel’s mother.This is where a third pagan concept is seen in Beowulf; the pagan concept of fate. The pagan concept of fate in Beowulf is mentioned in association with good and bad fortune. For example, when explaining Hygelac’s death, the author states â€Å"fate swept him away because of his proud need to provoke a feud with the Frisians† (p. 85). The use of fate in this context refers to bad fortune due to Hygelac’s desire to stir up a confrontation with the Frisians. At an earlier point in the story, Beowulf tells Hrothgar, â€Å"no need to lament for long or lay out my body: if the battle takes me†¦Fate goes ever as fate must! (p. 31). Here Beowulf leaves the decision to fate, which is a concept of paganism, but there is no mention of fate being controlled by God. This is in direct conflict with Christianity and the author is does associate fate with Christianity in other portions of the text. For example, when Beowulf is declaring his formal boast to kill Grendel, he states, â€Å"And may the Divine Lord in His wisdom grant the glory of victory to whichever side He sees fit† (p. 47). This example shows Beowulf’s demonstration of his Christian beliefs and acknowledgement that it is ultimately up to God who will win the fight.After the fight with Grendel’s mother, Beowulf makes another declaration of fate when he states â€Å"it was hard-fought, a desperate affair that could have gone badly; if God had not helped me, the outcome would have been quick and fatal† (p. 115). Beowulf surrenders himself to God and is fully aware that his fate was left to God’s will. Beowulf once again shows his belief in not only the pagan concept of fate but in God as well. Therefore, the author has successfully reconciled fate with Christianity. In order to enhance the value of the poem Beowulf, the author reconciles pagan concepts such as fame, vengeance, and fate with Christianity.These concepts are seen all throughout the poem and act as representation for the relationship between pagan concepts and Christianity. Although in some areas the two aspects of Anglo-Saxon life can be seen in conflict, as in the pagan concept of vengeance, the two seem to be interrelated. Although Beowulf is an epic narrative, it is full of Christian elements t hat show the beliefs of Christians today venture back in time to as early as the seventh century. Christian customs, such as man believing in God and the presence of good in the world, make this pagan story into what is now believed to be a primary Christian story amongst many.